Art of Living Foundation
Led by a Nobel Prize-nominated guru, accused of abusing his followers
(1981 - present)
Sri Sri Ravi Shankar (leader)
The Art of Living Foundation (AOL) is a non-governmental organization based in India, which emphasizes the removal of stress through meditation and breathwork. While many people have reported positive experiences with this group, two whistleblowers (the main sources for the information below) have accused the group of abuse and cult-like behavior and have leaked private documents to support their claims. The AOL launched a lawsuit against these individuals in retaliation, but were ultimately unsuccessful in having information taken down. In addition, the AOL has also faced additional controversy for land encroachment and environmental damage, although they have also been praised for their humanitarian efforts throughout the world. Today, the AOL continues to thrive, sharing their self-help techniques with millions of people.
Religion: Hinduism
Leader: Sri Sri Ravi Shankar
Founded: 1981
Location: International; headquartered in Karnataka, India
Size: 2 million
Former teachers have accused The Art of Living Foundation of abusive behaviors, such as sleep deprivation, public humiliation, brainwashing, taking away the right to showers and clean clothes, and physical violence (source, source, source)
Members are reportedly encouraged to bully each other and forced to confess deep secrets, which would later be used against them (source)
According to one former teacher, AOL "sets up the perfect mental structure for the use and abuse of people" by encouraging members to have "high energy" despite suffering from malnutrition, sleep deprivation, stressful conditions, and neglect of personal needs (source)
Former teachers have documented changes in members as a result of these abusive behaviors, such as saying that members become "broken-down husks, their self-esteem and self-confidence shattered" or that "humble and sweet" members ended up "arrogant and aggressive" and on the "verge of a psychotic breakdown" (source, source)
One former teacher alleges that the Art of Living’s practices correspond to Robert Lifton's eight criteria for thought reform (source)
Many members reportedly live in such terrible conditions that they are "begging most of the time for the basics" (source)
One former teacher reported that, when he confronted Ravi Shankar about false accusations Shankar made against him, Shankar became "violently upset" and the confrontation became "bloody" (source)
The Art of Living Foundation reportedly opposes therapy (source)
A former teacher suggested that Ravi Shankar's opposition to therapy might be ultimately rooted in fears that therapists will expose his abuses (source)
Members who end up in psychiatric wards as a result of rejecting professional psychological help are reportedly shunned by the group (source)
The Art of Loving Foundation reportedly taught that Ravi Shankar was protecting humanity from a worldwide disaster (source)
Various critics have accused the organization of misappropriating funds and using pushy sales tactics (source)
A former teacher testified that Ravi Shankar "despised Muslims" and compared his views on the supremacy of Hindu culture to the white supremacist views of Nazis and the KKK (source)
Some of the reported actions of the Ravi Shankar and those worked closest to him suggest that men are seen as inherently better than women (source)
The Art of Living Foundation allegedly teaches that those outside the cult are "inhuman" and that it is permissible to treat them as such (source)
Ravi Shankar claimed that homosexuality is a “tendency” and that homosexuals “may change” (source)
A former teacher testified that when he told Ravi Shankar about a personal problem, Shankar responded, "Pray to me. I will see if something can be done" (source)
There are allegedly rumors among members that Ravi Shankar is "the reincarnation of Shiva, Vyasa, Krishna, Adi Shankara , Swami Brahmananda Saraswati, Jesus Christ" (source)
The Art of Living Foundation reportedly tells followers to avoid the outside world, portraying it as "low energy" an "enlightened heap of garbage" and "the enemy" (source)
Members are reportedly told to avoid television, cinema, news, and public places (source)
Ravi Shankar reportedly claimed that classical music is "tamasic and brings one to a space of depression" (source)
Members are reportedly encouraged to perceive their family as "worse, not good energy, [and] not evolved," causing them to avoid family events, such as weddings and funerals (source, source)
Other info:
Doubts, including questioning and critical thinking, are allegedly evidence of “low energy” and necessitate greater devotion to the cult (source)
Members who have questions or doubts are reportedly dismissed as being "too intellectual" (source)
Ravi Shankar reportedly claims that his teachings are “not verifiable by logic in fact they are beyond logic” (source)
The cult has faced several accusations of land encroachment and has been fined for environmental damage (source)
One of Ravi Shankar's talks was protested for promoting “unscientific” views (source)
Ravi Shankar claims that he was offered the Nobel Prize, but rejected it, and suggested that Malala Yousafzai did not deserve it. He claimed that he did not want to play the “politics” required to get the Nobel prize, but whistleblowers released documents that show he aggressively mobilized his followers so that he could win the prize. While Shankar did end up receiving a nomination, his claim to have been offered the prize remains unverified (source, source, source)
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Books by Sri Sri Ravi Shankar:
Ashtavakra Gita (2013)
Jesus: Embodiment of Love (2014)
Guru (2015)
Sri Sri As I Know Him (2020)